Public or private health insurance: choosing without regret

Public insurance (gesetzliche Krankenversicherung) costs a percentage of your income, covers your non-working spouse and children at no extra cost, and accepts you regardless of health history.

Private insurance (private Krankenversicherung) prices you by age and health, can be cheaper when you are young and single, and charges separately for every family member.

Employees can only switch to private above an income threshold. Freelancers and many students can choose freely, which is exactly why the decision deserves an hour of thought.

The catch is the return trip. Going back from private to public is difficult once you are older or self-employed, so treat the choice as long-term rather than a way to save this year.

Whatever you choose, keep the confirmation letter. You will need it for your visa, your employer, and your Anmeldung follow-ups.